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Star Stories & Sky Teachings: Indigenous Constellations Over Turtle Island

16/4/2025

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On Thursday, March 27th, I headed to the Lockhart Planetarium at the University of Manitoba. The event, ‘Storytelling of the Stars’, led by Rockford McKay and Dr. Phil Ferguson, immediately brought to mind Wilfred Buck’s ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’, which I read last year.
​The evening was filled with connection and recognition—some stories familiar, some new, and many deepened by hearing them aloud beneath a simulated night sky. Just as I’ve gradually learned the names and positions of many IAU-standardized constellations, I’m now doing the same with Indigenous constellations. Repetition, each retelling, roots the stories deeper within.

Turtle Island & Makinak: A Living Calendar

In many Indigenous traditions, North America is Turtle Island, where the turtle is more than symbolic. The constellation Cepheus represents Makinak—the turtle whose shell is a living calendar: thirteen plates for thirteen full moons, twenty-eight edge divisions for twenty-eight days between moons. Long before our modern calendar, the sky and turtle shell tracked time together. Many will recognize Cepheus as a house due to its brightest stars, but to Indigenous storytellers, Makinak’s shell tells a deeper tale of cosmic rhythm.
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‘Edwin Bighetty. Makinak: Cepheus’ from ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’

Atima Atchakosuk: The Dog Stars & Mista Muskwa: The Great Bear

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​‘Edwin Bighetty. Ahtimah Atchakosuk: Polaris & Little Dipper’ from ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’
The Big and Little Dippers share a corner of the sky and intertwined stories. At the event, we explored Atima Atchakosuk—the Dog Stars. Long ago, humans had no protectors, vulnerable to nightly dangers. Mikun (Wolf) sent two pups to guard us, and later Mischachakanis (Coyote) and Makisew (Fox) followed, sending more dogs. These dogs became our early warning system. The Little Dipper represents their leash, with Polaris as the tether—forever circling the celestial camp, alert and guarding. 
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Images from ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’
But danger also lurked above. Mista Muskwa—the Great Bear (Big Dipper)—embodies greed and imbalance. The bear demanded constant gifts, becoming violent if refused. Eventually, seven birds--Tepakoop Pinesisuk—were sent to restore harmony. They chased the bear until he fled to the sky, where the chase continues each autumn, the constellation “running" along the horizon. It’s a story of imbalance, of consequences, and of community coming together to restore harmony.
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​‘Edwin Bighetty. Mista Muskwa: Big Dipper’ from ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’
These stories weave together, offering layered perspectives. The dogs are our guardians, while the bear reminds us of the dangers of greed—and the power of collective action. The event summarized these narratives; the book deepened them with details.

​Achakos Ininewuk: The Star People

One of the most memorable teachings I heard that night and one that I recall often when looking up at the night sky is that we are Star People. Carl Sagan’s words, “we are made of star-stuff”, echoed in Indigenous wisdom. At creation, Misewa (everything that is) received a spark--Achak—from the Creator, animating all things. Thus, stones (Assiniuk) are alive, animate with spirit. Death becomes transformation, not termination.
Our ancestors arrived via Achakos Iskwew (Star Woman), who descended through a hole in the sky marked by the Pleiades--Pakone Kisik—and chose to come to Aski (Earth). I look up at them now not just as a glittering cluster, but as a portal. A reminder of the indigenous arrival story.
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​‘Edwin Bighetty. Atchakos Ahkoop: Pleiades’ from ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’

Kiwtin: The Going Home Star

Polaris—the North Star—is called Kiwtin, the Going Home Star. Fixed in the sky, it guides those lost or returning home. The two bowl stars in the Big Dipper (Great Bear’s hind legs) consistently point toward it, an ancient navigational aid. Kiwtin is a  foundational reference point for navigating the night sky.

Orion & The Sweat Lodge: Matootisan

Orion, known to many as the Hunter, carries another powerful Indigenous story. Orion is Mistapew, a giant spirit-being resembling a Sasquatch or Sa’be, embodying strength and honesty—one of the Seven Sacred Teachings. In ‘Tipiskawi Kisik’, the tale unfolds through Tikoom, whose seven uncles disappeared during a hunting trip, captured by a giant trading in spirits. Their spirits were placed in seven stones, foundational to the first sweat lodge--Matootisan. Each stone holds a sacred teaching, a fragment of spirit, and a tale passed down generations.
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​‘Edwin Bighetty. Mistapew: Orion’ from ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’

Guided by the Seven Teachings

Throughout the evening the Seven Sacred Teachings emerged repeatedly:
  • Respect
  • Truth
  • Wisdom
  • Honesty
  • Courage
  • Love
  • Humility
These teachings are reflected in the stories—whether it’s the loyalty of the dogs, the danger of unchecked ego in the bear, or the wisdom of using the stars as a compass.
I had first encountered these teachings while walking the Bimose Kinoomagewnan (Walk of Teachings) trail in Pukaskwa National Park. Seeing them mirrored in the sky makes them feel even more eternal. As above, so below.
Seven Sacred Teachings: Respect, Truth, Wisdom, Honesty, Courage, Love & Humility
​Photos taken by me in July 2022

Final Reflections

​From ‘Storytelling of the Stars’ and revisiting ‘Tipiskawi Kisik’, I’m reminded that astronomy transcends charts and data. It is ancestral, emotional, and spiritual.
​Constellations are not mere configurations of light. They are maps of memory. Guardians of wisdom. Bridges between worlds. 
​And as we lift our eyes to the sky, we are reminded:
​We are not separate from the stars.
​We are made of them.

Sources:
  • Wilfred Buck, ‘Tipiskawi Kisik: Night Sky Star Stories’
  • Rockford McKay & Dr. Phil Ferguson, ‘Storytelling of the Stars’ presentation, Lockhart Planetarium, March 27, 2025.
Note: These stories are shared as I heard, read, and remembered them. Your understanding or stories might differ, or my interpretations might not fully match your own. I welcome corrections, perspectives, or stories via email or comments below.
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Health, Adventure, and Connectivity: Living with the Apple Watch Ultra 2

11/12/2024

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Over the past two months, the Apple Watch Ultra 2 has become an integral part of my daily life, transforming how I manage my health, stay connected, and engage with the world around me. With a pool conveniently located where I live, I was eager to track my swimming to gain a more comprehensive picture of my overall exercise routine. The release of the black titanium version caught my eye, and after carefully weighing the benefits, I decided it was time to make the leap.
From the moment I put it on, the watch became more than just a tool—it became a companion. The Fitness Rings motivate me daily, encouraging that extra bit of movement, standing, or exercise. Tracking activities like swimming, outdoor cycling, dance, walking, and yoga has provided new insights, while monitoring my heart rate and blood oxygen levels offers a deeper look at my overall health.
Sleep is crucial, even if it's not always easy to get a full eight hours. The Sleep Tracking feature offers valuable data on my rest patterns, helping me recognize when I need more or better-quality sleep. While I could use the Mindfulness app more often, the times I do engage in short breathing exercises and reflections, I notice increased focus, increased awareness, reduced stress, and a greater sense of mindfulness.
Connectivity is effortless within the Apple ecosystem. Managing both a personal and work phone used to be cumbersome, but now important personal notifications appear discreetly on my wrist. I can keep my personal phone in my bag and my work phone in my pocket. The large screen makes typing messages comfortable, and the voice-to-text feature is perfect when I'm on the move.
I'm now more excited to hike longer and explore deeper into areas without cell coverage. The Waypoints and Compass apps offer reliable navigation right on my wrist, with the ability to backtrack using directional prompts and view maps and distances. This adds both safety and excitement to my outdoor adventures.
A variety of other apps further enhance my everyday experiences:
  • Weather and Calendar help keep me organized and prepared.
  • Night Sky enriches my stargazing, helping me learn constellations and increasing my awareness of stars, planets, and the movement of the night sky—even when it's cloudy.
  • ChatGPT is more of a gimmick at this point due to a poorly designed interface, but with improvements and access to advanced voice mode, it could become a standout feature.
  • Podcasts, Audiobooks, and Music are easily accessible, and I can control playback on connected devices.
  • Noise Levels alerts me to protect my hearing in loud environments, but those have mostly been when using hand dryers or blenders. Things one hopefully doesn’t do for long periods of time. Still a useful feature that should come in handy when using power tools, attending an event with loud music, or when in other unfamiliar noisy environments.
  • Timer is incredibly useful when cooking, baking, keeping track of laundry cycles, or monitoring break times during work and meetings.
Choosing the Titanium Milanese Band was a decision I haven't regretted. Its versatility suits professional meetings, casual outings, and athletic activities. It's lightweight, breathable, durable, and comfortable—even when sleeping. For anyone exploring band options, it's worth trying on.
​Battery life has met my expectations, lasting more than two full days and nights even with multiple exercise sessions and constant wear. This means less time worrying about charging and more time enjoying the watch's features.
​Reflecting on my transition from a Fitbit—which sadly didn't last—I realize how much more the Apple Watch Ultra 2 offers. It seamlessly integrates with other Apple products, gamifies health, centralizes essential information, and keeps me engaged on my wellness journey.
​In essence, the Apple Watch Ultra 2 has become more than a wearable gadget; it's a companion that enriches my connection to myself and my surroundings. It reduces reliance on my phone, promoting greater mindfulness and presence in everyday moments. ​If you're considering a smart watch, I encourage you to reflect on how it might enrich your life and fit holistically with your goals.

My Two Favourite Watch Faces

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Complications: Temperature (top left), Today's Date (top right), Timer (bottom left), and Fitness Rings (bottom right). 
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Complications: Temperature (top left), Conditions (top), Today's Date (top right), Compass (middle), Fitness Rings (bottom left), Heart Rate (bottom), and Mindfulness (bottom right). 
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From Sunlit Trails to Midnight Tales: My Spruce Woods Star Party Adventure

2/10/2024

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This past August 30th to September 2nd, I had the incredible opportunity to attend the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada (RASC) Winnipeg branch's Spruce Woods Star Party (SWSP) at Spruce Woods Provincial Park. Nestled in the heart of South Central Manitoba's pristine wilderness, we transformed the Winter Recreation Area into a haven for amateur astronomers and stargazing enthusiasts.
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Commemorative Pin

Friday Night: A Quiet and Rainy Start

​Friday night was overcast with intermittent drizzle and rain showers. I ended up cozying up in my tent for a peaceful night of reading, using the time to relax and finish 'The Rithmatist' by Brandon Sanderson, September's book for my monthly book club. Though I couldn’t view the stars that night, the tranquility of the campground made for a soothing start to the weekend.
SWSP Campground - Friday, August 30th

​Saturday Daytime: Adventures Under the Sun

​With the clouds parting on Saturday, I took full advantage of the sunshine, though I may have overdone it as I earned myself a mild sunburn. I spent the day cycling laps around Kiche Manitou campground, soaking in the lush scenery and fresh air. Later, I ventured onto a segment of the Trans Canada Trail, enjoying the thrill of exploring unfamiliar paths while embracing some of the last days of summer.
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Scenic Lookout - Trans Canada Trail - Saturday, August 31st

​Saturday Night: The Sky Comes Alive

As dusk settled, anticipation grew for the evening’s highlight: Gerry Smerchanski’s renowned Bino Tour. Gerry’s passion is contagious, and his knowledge is vast. He doesn’t just point out celestial objects—he brings them to life. Using binoculars, he guided us on a tour of the night sky, giving us a deeper sense of our universe and our place within it:
  • Stellar Siblings: Gerry pointed out stars with both motion and chemical composition similar to our Sun, suggesting they might have originated from the same stellar nursery. 
  • The Milky Way’s Bar: We traced the dense star clouds toward the galactic center in Sagittarius and Scutum. This helped us visualize the central bar structure of the Milky Way Galaxy, gaining a better understanding of the shape of our galaxy and the location of Earth within it.
  • Distant Galaxies: Although I've seen it before, spotting the Andromeda Galaxy with the naked eye never loses its magic. Knowing that its light has traveled 2.5 million years to reach us is surreal. For most people, the Andromeda Galaxy is the most distant object visible to the naked eye, making it a truly special sight in the night sky. Under exceptional viewing conditions, some observers can glimpse the slightly more distant Triangulum Galaxy (M33).
  • Cosmic Perspectives: Gerry shared insights on the Voyager 1 probe, emphasizing that even at over 62,000 km/h, it would take more than 73,000 years to reach Proxima Centauri if it were headed in that direction—a humbling reminder of the vastness of space.
  • Celestial Wonders: From constellations and nebulae to open clusters, globular clusters, and binary star systems, Gerry took us on a tour across the entire sky.
I occasionally stepped away from the tour to start some astrophotography with my SeeStar S50, capturing objects along the southern horizon before they disappeared. The rest of the night was spent in blissful observation with my constellation binoculars (Orion 2x54 Ultra Wide Angle), Celestron Regal M2 100 ED Spotting Scope, and SeeStar S50. The vibrancy and clarity of the sky was breathtaking—a dark sky site is a must-visit for anyone who wants to reconnect with the universe. It’s a reminder of the skies our ancestors gazed upon before human-caused light pollution began to dim the night.
Preparing For Observing - Saturday, August 31st

​Captured Celestial Objects with the SeeStar S50

Here are the celestial objects I captured with my SeeStar S50 Saturday night (August 31st to September 1st):
  • M17 (Omega Nebula): A bright emission nebula in the constellation Sagittarius, famous for its swan-like appearance.
  • M16 (Eagle Nebula): Home to the iconic "Pillars of Creation," this stellar nursery in the constellation Serpens is an awe-inspiring sight.
  • M24 (Sagittarius Star Cloud): A dense star field in Sagittarius, packed with stars and a rich cosmic view.
  • M57 (Ring Nebula): A planetary nebula in Lyra, easily recognizable by its glowing ring-like structure of gas.
  • NGC 7023 (Iris Nebula): A reflection nebula in Cepheus, resembling a blooming flower.
  • NGC 884 (Double Cluster): One of two open clusters in Perseus, filled with bright young stars. NGC 869, the other cluster, can also be seen in the upper part of the image below.
  • M31 (Andromeda Galaxy): The largest and closest spiral galaxy to our Milky Way. Often called our sister galaxy in the local group.

​Sunday Daytime: Witnessing Solar Spectacles

​Sunday brought a different kind of astronomical delight. Fellow amateur astronomers set up solar telescopes equipped with hydrogen-alpha filters, and I had the chance to view solar prominences and flares in real time (with the Sun's 8-minute, 150-million-kilometer delay, naturally). Observing these fiery phenomena was awe-inspiring, reminding me of the dynamic and ever-changing nature of our closest star. Later in the day, there was a telescope tour, where participants showcased their equipment, sharing stories and setups in a fun show-and-tell.
Solar Viewing With My SeeStar S50
Note: No Hydrogen-Alpha Filter. 
Telescope Tour Photos (AKA Nerdy Awesome Show-And-Tell)
My Gear Setup For The Telescope Tour

​Sunday Night: Peering Deeper Into Space

​For our final night, I continued exploring the heavens with my equipment. The real treat, however, was visiting a neighbouring astronomer who owned a colossal 25-inch Dobsonian telescope—affectionately known as a "light bucket." Climbing a step ladder to reach the eyepiece, I was rewarded with views that took my breath away.
​Using an Oxygen III (OIII) filter, the Veil Nebula in the constellation Cygnus stood out with astonishing detail. This supernova remnant, a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust, appeared as intricate ethereal lacework against the dark backdrop of space. 

​Captured Celestial Objects with the SeeStar S50

Here are the celestial objects I captured with my SeeStar S50 Sunday night (September 1st to September 2nd):
  • M4 (Globular Cluster): A dense, spherical cluster of stars in the constellation Scorpius, one of the closest globular clusters to Earth.
  • M6 (Butterfly Cluster): An open cluster in Scorpius, known for its shape resembling a butterfly in flight.
  • M22 (Sagittarius Cluster): A bright globular cluster in Sagittarius, rich with stars and easily visible with binoculars.
  • M10 (Globular Cluster): Found in Ophiuchus, this cluster contains hundreds of thousands of stars tightly packed together.
  • M12 (Globular Cluster): Another cluster in Ophiuchus, slightly looser than M10, but no less impressive.
  • M71 (Globular Cluster): A compact globular cluster in the constellation Sagitta, sitting in a rich star field.
  • M27 (Dumbbell Nebula): A planetary nebula in the constellation Vulpecula, resembling a dumbbell shape.
  • NGC 869 (Double Cluster): Part of the famous Double Cluster in Perseus, glowing brightly alongside NGC 884 (seen in the lower part of the image below).
  • M33 (Triangulum Galaxy): A spiral galaxy in the constellation Triangulum, the third-largest member of our local galaxy group.

​Reflecting on the Experience

​Attending the Spruce Woods Star Party was an excellent opportunity to deepen my engagement with astronomy and connect with fellow enthusiasts. Sharing observations and equipment added a collaborative aspect to my stargazing experience. From Gerry's informative Bino Tour to viewing celestial objects through various telescopes, each activity enhanced my understanding and enjoyment of the night sky.
​As I left Spruce Woods Provincial Park, I appreciated both the knowledge gained and the connections made within the astronomy community. I'm already looking forward to next year's event to further explore the cosmos alongside others who share this passion.

Until then, keep looking up!

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RASC SWSP Group Photo - Monday, September 2nd - Photo By Bryan Stach
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Embracing Tradition on the Bimose Kinoomagewnan Trail

18/9/2024

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As we conclude our series exploring the captivating trails of Pukaskwa National Park, we venture along the Bimose Kinoomagewnan, or “Walk of Teachings.” This trail is a great hike, but also a journey through the cultural heart of the park. Join me as I share personal insights, photos, and videos from my experience on this exceptional trail.
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July 2022

Trail Overview

  • Distance: 3.7km
  • Elevation Gain/Loss: 12m
  • Duration: 2 hours return from Visitor Centre
  • Surface: Natural, with built stairs, some obstacles, loose rocks, and tree roots
July 2022

Trail Experience

​The Bimose Kinoomagewnan is more than a physical path—it's a spiritual and educational route that invites hikers to learn about the Seven Grandfather Teachings of the Ojibway: Respect, Truth, Wisdom, Honesty, Courage, Love, and Humility. As you hike this 3.7km trail around Halfway Lake, you’ll encounter stations where these teachings are beautifully illustrated through stories and artwork by Ojibway elders and youth. Each station offers a pause for reflection, allowing hikers to contemplate these virtues not only in the context of Ojibway culture but also within their own lives.
The Seven Grandfather Teachings of the Ojibway
Respect, Truth, Wisdom, Honesty, Courage, Love & Humility
​July 2022
​The trail itself, with its natural obstacles, scenic views, and gentle elevation changes, mirrors the teachings' emphasis on perseverance and respect for the earth. Traversing a variety of landscapes—from dense forests to rocky shores—the trail makes for a rewarding journey that enriches both the body and spirit.
On The Path - July 2022

​Personal Experience and Tips

Walking the Bimose Kinoomagewnan was a reflective and enlightening experience. It allowed me to slow down and appreciate the quieter moments of connection with nature and culture. For those planning to explore this trail, here are some tips to enhance your visit:
  • Stay Hydrated and Energized: Bring water and a light snack to maintain your energy throughout the hike.
  • Wear Sturdy Shoes: The trail can be rocky and uneven, so proper footwear is essential.
  • Weather Awareness: Be prepared for sudden weather changes; layers are recommended, and an umbrella or rain jacket can be handy.
  • Take Your Time: Allow yourself to fully engage with the teachings at each station. This trail is meant to be experienced at a leisurely pace.
Halfway Lake & Some Light Rain - July 2022

​Bimose Kinoomagewnan: A Trail of Wisdom

​The Bimose Kinoomagewnan Trail offers a unique opportunity to connect with the land and the enduring wisdom of the Ojibway people. It has been a highlight of my journey through Pukaskwa National Park, providing a meaningful narrative to carry forward and share. 
Looking Out Over Halfway Lake - July 2022
​As this series comes to a close, I look forward to my next adventure in Pukaskwa National Park, hopefully to finally hike to the White River Suspension Bridge, and I invite all of you to consider a visit to this amazing park to experience these trails yourself.
​Thank you for joining me on this extraordinary exploration of Pukaskwa National Park. Until next time, keep walking the path of learning and discovery!
Trail's End - July 2022
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Spirit Trail Serenity: Discovering Manito Miikana

4/9/2024

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Welcome back to my series exploring the majestic trails of Pukaskwa National Park. Today, we're venturing along Manito Miikana, or "Spirit Trail," a hike that not only challenges the body but also soothes the soul. Join me as I share personal photos and videos, immersing you in the invigorating experience of this remarkable trail.
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July 2022

Trail Overview

  • Distance: 2km
  • Elevation Gain/Loss: 17m
  • Duration: 1 hour return from Visitor Centre
  • Surface: Natural, with built stairs, some obstacles, loose rocks, and tree roots
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July 2022

Trail Experience and Personal Reflections

Manito Miikana, which translates to "Spirit Trail" in the Anishinaabe language, offers a serene setting perfect for engaging with nature. This trail features changing elevations, natural obstacles like tree roots, uneven terrain, and two viewing platforms. These platforms provide sweeping panoramas of Lake Superior and are also ideal spots for yoga, reading, or enjoying a moment of reflective solitude.
August 2023 & July 2022
The hike typically begins to the sounds of Lake Superior’s waves, providing a tranquil auditory backdrop. Early in your hike, constructed stairs provide vital assistance as you navigate a steep, rocky descent and ascent, easing your passage through what would otherwise be one of the trail's greatest challenges. As you progress, you will encounter sections where you must navigate roots and climb over rocks. Continue on to the two platforms as you ascend the rocky headland between Horseshoe Bay and the Pic River dunes. These platforms, located around the halfway mark, reward your efforts with breathtaking views.
August 2023, July 2022, May 2019 & August 2017
As you further explore Manito Miikana, each turn and climb offers a chance to witness the vast beauty of the landscape. Openings in the rocky ravine occasionally offer glimpses of Lake Superior, inviting hikers to pause and appreciate the scenery. These natural windows frame the rugged beauty of Pukaskwa, offering moments of awe without the crowds found on more popular trails.
July 2022 & May 2019
​During my own journey along this trail, I found that pausing for stretches and deep breaths in such a serene atmosphere was incredibly rejuvenating. It’s a place where the spirit of the land is palpable, allowing hikers to truly sync with the environment. The trail's unique blend of physical challenges and meditative spots creates a fulfilling experience for both the body and mind.
August 2023

​Practical Tips for Trail Goers

While the Manito Miikana is immensely rewarding, it does present some challenges:
  • Pace Yourself: The elevation changes are manageable but require good stamina. Keeping a steady pace helps in maintaining energy throughout the hike.
  • Bug Protection: Insect activity can be high, especially in warmer months. While I prefer to keep moving to avoid them, it's wise to bring insect repellent as a backup.
  • Photography Opportunities: For those interested in photography, the trail offers diverse angles and perspectives worth capturing. The changing light through the trees creates dynamic scenes that are a photographer’s delight.

Manito Miikana: Challenging Paths, Peaceful Rewards

​Manito Miikana is more than just a hike; it's an experience that deeply embodies the spirit of Pukaskwa National Park. It challenges visitors physically while offering a profound sense of peace and a deep connection to the natural world. Whether you're a seasoned hiker in search of a tranquil retreat or a beginner eager to explore the wonders of nature, the Spirit Trail promises an enriching and unforgettable experience. Have you ever experienced a trail that moved you? Share your stories in the comments below or let us know what excites you most about the next and final trail in this series. Stay tuned as we continue our exploration of Pukaskwa National Park with Bimose Kinoomagewnan next!
August 2023
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Discovering the Beaches of Pukaskwa National Park

21/8/2024

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Welcome back to my series on Pukaskwa National Park, where pristine wilderness meets Lake Superior's majestic shores. In this post, we'll explore the scenic Beach Trails—North Beach, Middle Beach, and Horseshoe Bay Beach—each offering its own unique allure.
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July 2022

North Beach: A Sunset Paradise

Trail Access
North Beach is best accessed from Middle Beach or via a trail that branches off from the non-electrical campsite loop. This path takes you through a serene forest setting before opening up to the expansive shoreline.
July 2022
Experience
North Beach is renowned for its spectacular sunsets. The sky and water often ignite in fiery colours, providing a perfect backdrop for an evening relaxation or photography session. The beach features giant rocks that visitors can climb, offering panoramic views of Lake Superior and the surrounding wilderness. These natural vantage points are ideal for reflecting on the day or just soaking in the vast beauty of the park.
North Beach - August 2023, July 2022, May 2019 & August 2017

​Middle Beach: A Secluded Retreat

​Trail Access
Middle Beach can be reached by following the main Beach Trail, which weaves through impressive formations of driftwood—more abundant here than at any other beach in the park. 
Middle Beach - August 2023, July 2022, May 2019 & August 2017
​Experience
Middle Beach is the most secluded of Pukaskwa’s beaches, making it an ideal spot for those seeking a private escape. The beach's isolation makes it a perfect setting for yoga, meditation, or sand art. Here, you can disconnect and immerse yourself in nature, with the rhythmic sound of waves providing a tranquil soundtrack for these reflective activities.
Middle Beach - July 2022

​Horseshoe Bay Beach: Accessible Beauty

Trail Access
Horseshoe Bay Beach is the most accessible, with the Boardwalk Beach Trail leading directly to its shores. This trail is great for all visitors, featuring a boardwalk and stable gravel surfaces that make it easier to navigate.
Horseshoe Bay Beach - August 2023, July 2022, May 2019 & August 2017
​Experience
Horseshoe Bay Beach offers stunning views of Lake Superior. The beach is bordered by sand dunes, which enhance its natural beauty and provide a soft, fine place to relax and play. The gentle slopes of dunes, the inviting waters, and easy accessibility from the campground makes Horseshoe Bay a favourite of visitors.
Horseshoe Bay Beach - July 2022

Tips for Beach Trail Adventurers

When planning your visit to the Beach Trails of Pukaskwa National Park, here are a few tips to enhance your experience:
  • Timing: Visit North Beach in the evening to catch a stunning sunset.
  • Preparation: Bring a yoga mat to Middle Beach for a serene session by the water, or sketching supplies to capture the landscape on paper.
  • Accessibility: Horseshoe Bay Beach is ideal for those seeking easy access and relaxation. It’s perfect for a family day out or for those who prefer to enjoy the beach without a lengthy hike.
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Hattie Cove Map - North, Middle & Horseshoe Bay Beaches

Beachside Reflections

​Exploring the beaches along Pukaskwa’s coastline offers an opportunity to connect with nature, witness stunning natural artistry, and find peace away from the bustling world. Each beach has its own charm and set of experiences that make it unique. Whether you're chasing sunsets, seeking solitude, or just wanting a leisurely day by the water, Pukaskwa’s beaches have got you covered.
North Beach - July 2022
Keep following as we continue exploring the diverse and captivating trails of Pukaskwa National Park. Don't forget your sense of wonder and a camera to immortalize the breathtaking moments you’ll discover along the way!
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Exploring the Rugged Beauty of Southern Headland Trail

7/8/2024

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Welcome back to my adventure series on Pukaskwa National Park. Today, we venture along the Southern Headland Trail, a challenging yet stunningly picturesque route that promises breathtaking views and a hearty workout. It was the first trail I hiked during my initial visit in August 2017. Join me as I share personal photos and videos capturing the essence of this rugged trail, which winds its way along the dramatic shores of Lake Superior.

Trail Overview

  • Distance: 2.2km
  • Elevation Gain/Loss: 15m
  • Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes return from Visitor Centre
  • Surface: Natural, with built stairs, loose rock, and tree roots
Picture
August 2023

Trail Experience

The Southern Headland Trail offers a great wilderness experience as it juts into the vast blue expanse of Lake Superior, providing panoramic views of Hattie Cove, Pulpwood Harbour, and Horseshoe Bay. This 2.2km trail navigates the wild shores of an inland sea. As you trek along this path, you'll encounter numerous elevation changes that provide both a physical challenge and unique vantage points for capturing the area’s natural beauty.
August 2017, May 2019, July 2022 & August 2023
July 2022
The trail is lined with informational signs that explore Lake Superior's geological history and the natural phenomena of the area. These signs enrich the hiking experience, offering insights into the area's unique geological and ecological characteristics.
July 2022

Highlights and Challenges

The Southern Headland Trail is renowned for its varying terrain, which includes well-maintained stairs and natural obstacles like loose rocks and exposed tree roots. These elements make the hike both challenging and rewarding, ideal for those who appreciate a good workout.
August 2023
​For the adventurous at heart, there are opportunities to explore hidden trails or engage in some light rock climbing, adding an element of thrill to the hike. The trail’s intricate layout, elevation changes, and varying natural light conditions offer photographers excellent opportunities to capture the dynamic landscape.

Personal Experience and Tips

​Some of my most memorable moments included climbing on rocks and enjoying expansive views from higher elevations. The rugged terrain provides an exhilarating experience and helps one foster a deeper sense of connection with the natural world. This trail can be hiked in either direction, but I recommend starting at the visitor centre and concluding at Horseshoe Bay. I especially recommend ending at Horseshoe Bay if you are planning to continue along Beach Trail or hike Manito Miikana.
July 2022
For those planning to take on the Southern Headland Trail, here are a few tips:
  • Prepare for the Weather: The weather can change quickly along Lake Superior, so come prepared with appropriate clothing and gear.
  • Stay Hydrated: Bring plenty of water, as the hike can be strenuous, especially on warm days.
  • Camera Ready: The scenic vistas and unique flora along the trail are worth capturing, so don’t forget your camera or smartphone.
May 2019
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A Meditative Journey Through Nature’s Majesty

The Southern Headland Trail in Pukaskwa National Park is an essential destination for anyone eager to immerse themselves in the wild, untouched beauty of Northern Ontario. This trail, known for its rigorous paths and stunning landscapes, offers a meditative and educational adventure that is as exhilarating as it is rewarding. Time and again, I find myself drawn back to this trail and others in the park, captivated by their natural beauty and the challenges they present.
​Stay tuned for more posts as we continue to explore the hidden gems of Pukaskwa National Park. Each trail provides a unique experience, inviting adventurers of all kinds to discover their personal connection with nature. 
July 2022
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Discover the Wilderness of Pukaskwa National Park

24/7/2024

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Welcome to Pukaskwa National Park, a pristine and rugged landscape where the wilds of nature meet the cultural heritage of the Anishinaabe First Nations. Nestled on the northeast shore of Lake Superior, Pukaskwa (pronounced ‘PUK-a-SAW’) offers an unparalleled experience of solitude and natural beauty. In this series of blog posts, I will guide you through this magnificent park, starting with an overview of its location, nature, and amenities.
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July 2022

A Journey to Pukaskwa National Park

​Pukaskwa National Park is a sanctuary of untouched wilderness located in Ontario, Canada. Here, immense waves crash against granite shores under the watchful gaze of ancient spruce and pine forests. The park is not only a haven for wildlife enthusiasts, who might spot black bears feasting on blueberries or moose navigating wetlands, but also a place where one can experience hauntingly beautiful loon calls at sunset and even encounter cheeky ravens swiping unguarded loaves of bread—a little surprise I personally experienced in May 2019!
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Hattie Cove Campground Map

Hattie Cove Campground: Your Gateway to Adventure

​For those planning a stay, the Hattie Cove Campground offers the perfect home base. Easily accessible just a short drive from the Trans-Canada Highway, the campground features 67 vehicle-accessible campsites, promising solitude and intimacy with nature. The sites cater to a variety of setups, from tents to RVs, accommodating up to six people per site. The campground operates on a first-come-first-serve basis, with check-in and check-out at 11:00 a.m.
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July 2022
July 2022 & May 2019
​My personal experiences camping here have been nothing short of amazing. Spacious and private non-electrical sites, enveloped by the park's natural beauty, provide a tranquil environment and serve as the perfect launching point for exploring adjacent trails. With limited cell service, these sites offer a true back-to-nature experience, encouraging you to disconnect from digital distractions. For added convenience, the campground is well-equipped with essential amenities such as flush toilets, hot showers, and potable water, all located at the aptly named ‘comfort stations’.
July 2022 & May 2019

Trails Awaiting Your Footsteps

​Pukaskwa’s trails offer a variety of experiences, from easy walks to more challenging hikes. Here's a categorized list to help you choose your adventure:
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Pukaskwa National Park Trails Map

​Fire Walk

  • Hattie Cove Fire Walk: This easy 0.7km trail takes you through a fascinating area shaped by a prescribed burn. Witness the resilience of nature as you explore the role of fire in renewing the boreal forest.
Picture
August 2017

​Beach Trails

  • Boardwalk Beach Trail: Enjoy a leisurely 1.2km stroll on stable gravel surfaces and a 0.2km boardwalk that leads you to Pukaskwa’s famous Horseshoe Bay. Perfect for relaxing and taking in the soothing sounds of rolling waves. 
  • Beach Trail: A moderate 2km hike along sandy beaches and driftwood-littered shores. It’s a beautiful way to experience the park’s coastal landscape.
July 2022 & August 2023

Scenic and Challenging

  • Southern Headland Trail: Tackle this moderate 2.2km trail and be rewarded with stunning views of Lake Superior's dramatic coastline. The trail features a natural surface enhanced with constructed stairs, offering hikers 15m of elevation gain/loss as they navigate obstacles such as loose rocks and tree roots.
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Picture
August 2017

Cultural and Spiritual

  • Manito Miikana (Spirit Trail): This 2km trail offers not just a hike but a spiritual journey, with panoramic views and a serene atmosphere, ideal for reflection and peace.
  • Bimose Kinoomagewnan (Walk of Teachings): Learn about Ojibway culture and the Seven Grandfather Teachings on this enlightening 3.7km trail. It’s a journey that combines physical exercise with cultural education as you hike around Halfway Lake. 
Picture
August 2023

Stay Tuned for More

​This introduction to Pukaskwa National Park merely scratches the surface of what this incredible park has to offer. In upcoming posts, I will provide an in-depth exploration of the Beach, Southern Headland, Manito Miikana, and Bimose Kinoomagewnan trails. Whether you’re a seasoned hiker, a family seeking a memorable vacation, or someone in search of meditative solitude, Pukaskwa promises an escape filled with natural beauty, cultural richness, and serenity.
July 2022
​Stay tuned, and prepare to explore the wilderness of Pukaskwa National Park!
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Discover the Splendor of Kakabeka Falls and Little Falls: Just 30 Minutes from Thunder Bay

10/7/2024

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Nestled just west of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Kakabeka Falls Provincial Park is a spectacular natural retreat featuring two stunning waterfalls: Kakabeka Falls and Little Falls. This park, a prime destination for those en route to or from Pukaskwa National Park, has captured my affection through many visits. Join me as I explore the serene beauty of these waterfalls and the picturesque trails around them, showcased through my favourite photos and videos captured on these trips.
Kakabeka Falls - July 2022

Kakabeka Falls: The Niagara of the North

​Kakabeka Falls, affectionately known as the ‘Niagara of the North,’ stands as a towering landmark with breathtaking views. At 40 metres high, it is the second highest waterfall in Ontario, surpassed only by Niagara Falls. The main attraction can be thoroughly enjoyed via the Boardwalk Trail, a 750-metre, wheelchair-friendly path that starts from the main parking lot. This trail includes a pedestrian bridge and several viewing platforms that allow you to experience the falls from various angles, capturing the thunderous water as it plunges into the gorge below. The geological history is vivid here, with the Kaministiquia River revealing fossils that are over 1.6 million years old in the rock bed.
Kakabeka Falls - July 2022, May 2019 & August 2017

Kakabeka Falls - May 2019

​Little Falls: A Serene Escape

​Downstream from its larger counterpart, Little Falls offers a more secluded and intimate experience. Accessible via Little Falls Trail—a 2.5 km loop that I consider moderately difficult—this charming waterfall provides a perfect setting for reflection and nature photography. The trail itself presents a delightful challenge with a steep descent into the river valley followed by an ascent that traces a historic portage route. Imagine the effort required to haul heavy canoes, goods for trade, and gear up this steep incline! The tranquility and natural beauty surrounding Little Falls make it a worthwhile pursuit for those seeking a bit more adventure.
Little Falls - July 2022 & August 2017

Little Falls - July 2022

​The Hike to and from Little Falls

​Connecting these wonderful waterfalls is an enriching hiking experience that appeals to both casual walkers and avid hikers. Along with Little Falls Trail, Mountain Portage Trail offers another perspective of the park's natural beauty. This 1.25 km loop trail is relatively easy and accessible, following the historic route used by early travellers to bypass Kakabeka Falls. It offers excellent views of the waterfall, gorge, and river. 
Little Falls Trail & Mountain Portage Trail - July 2022 & August 2017

​A Prelude to Pukaskwa

​Kakabeka Falls and Little Falls provide an unforgettable experience for nature lovers, photographers, and history enthusiasts alike. From the awe-inspiring drop of Kakabeka Falls to the peaceful ambiance of Little Falls, and the connecting trails that offer both leisurely walks and challenging hikes, this provincial park serves as a magnificent example of the natural beauty Canada has to offer. Don't miss my next post on July 24th, where I'll introduce you to the pristine wilderness of Pukaskwa National Park, just short of four hours from Kakabeka Falls. 
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